COVID-19, the disease it causes, surfaced in late 2019, and now had become a full-blown crisis worldwide. Over fifty key countries had declared a national emergency to combat coronavirus. With cases spreading, and the epicentre of the outbreak shifting to Europe, North America, India and Latin America, life in these regions has been upended the way it had been in Asia earlier in the developing crisis. As the coronavirus pandemic has worsened, the entertainment industry has been upended along with most every other facet of life. As experts work toward a better understanding, the world shudders in fear of the unknown, a worry that has rocked global financial markets, leading to daily volatility in the U.S. stock markets.
According to this latest study, the 2020 growth of Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives will have significant change from previous year. By the most conservative estimates of global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives market size (most likely outcome) will be a year-over-year revenue growth rate of XX% in 2020, from US$ xx million in 2019. We give this scenario a XX% probability, where under the scenario the supply chain will start to recover and quarantines and travel bans will ease, over the Q2. Longer-term, the effect of COVID-19 will be felt throughout the year with some degree of harm done by the virus. Over the next five years the Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives market will register a XX% CAGR in terms of revenue, the global market size will reach US$ XX million by 2025.
This report presents a comprehensive overview, market shares, and growth opportunities of Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives market by product type, application, key manufacturers and key regions and countries.
This study specially analyses the impact of Covid-19 outbreak on the Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives, covering the supply chain analysis, impact assessment to the Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives market size growth rate in several scenarios, and the measures to be undertaken by Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives companies in response to the COVID-19 epidemic.
Segmentation by type: breakdown data from 2015 to 2020, in Section 2.3; and forecast to 2025 in section 11.7.
Artemisinin
Semisynthetic Aerivatives
Segmentation by application: breakdown data from 2015 to 2020, in Section 2.4; and forecast to 2024 in section 11.8.
Antimalarial Injections
Antimalarial Tablets
This report also splits the market by region: Breakdown data in Chapter 4, 5, 6, 7 and 8.
Americas
United States
Canada
Mexico
Brazil
APAC
China
Japan
Korea
Southeast Asia
India
Australia
Europe
Germany
France
UK
Italy
Russia
Middle East & Africa
Egypt
South Africa
Israel
Turkey
GCC Countries
The report also presents the market competition landscape and a corresponding detailed analysis of the major vendor/manufacturers in the market. The key manufacturers covered in this report: Breakdown data in in Chapter 3.
Sanofi
Novanat Bioresource
KPC Pharmaceuticals
Guangxi xiancaotang
Guilin Pharmaceutical
Kerui nanhai
CAT KHANH
Natural Bio-engineering
BEEPZ
BIONEXX
In addition, this report discusses the key drivers influencing market growth, opportunities, the challenges and the risks faced by key manufacturers and the market as a whole. It also analyzes key emerging trends and their impact on present and future development.
Research objectives
To study and analyze the global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives consumption (value & volume) by key regions/countries, type and application, history data from 2015 to 2019, and forecast to 2025.
To understand the structure of Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives market by identifying its various subsegments.
Focuses on the key global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives manufacturers, to define, describe and analyze the sales volume, value, market share, market competition landscape, SWOT analysis and development plans in next few years.
To analyze the Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives with respect to individual growth trends, future prospects, and their contribution to the total market.
To share detailed information about the key factors influencing the growth of the market (growth potential, opportunities, drivers, industry-specific challenges and risks).
To project the consumption of Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives submarkets, with respect to key regions (along with their respective key countries).
To analyze competitive developments such as expansions, agreements, new product launches, and acquisitions in the market.
To strategically profile the key players and comprehensively analyze their growth strategies.
The base year for the study has been considered 2019, historic year 2014 and 2018, the forecast period considered is from 2020 to 2027. The regions analyzed for the market include North America, Europe, South America, Asia Pacific, and Middle East and Africa. These regions are further analyzed at the country-level. The study also includes attractiveness analysis of type, application and regions which are benchmarked based on their market size, growth rate and attractiveness in terms of present and future opportunity for understanding the future growth of the market.
Market is segmented on the basis:
The report offers in-depth analysis of driving factors, opportunities, restraints, and challenges for gaining the key insight of the market. The report emphasizes on all the key trends that play a vital role in the enlargement of the market from 2019 to 2026.
The report provides company profile of the key players operating in the market and a comparative analysis based on their business overviews industry offering, segment market share, regional presence, business strategies, innovations, mergers & acquisitions, recent developments, joint venture, collaborations, partnerships, SWOT analysis, and key financial information.
1 Scope of the Report
1.1 Market Introduction
1.2 Research Objectives
1.3 Years Considered
1.4 Market Research Methodology
1.5 Data Source
1.6 Economic Indicators
1.7 Currency Considered
1.8 What is the Impact of Covid-19 Outbreak On the Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives?
1.8.1 Optimistic Scenario: COVID-19 Is Contained by May or June, with Normalcy Returning to Global Operations Through the End of Q2.
1.8.2 Conservative Scenario: COVID-19 Remains Prevalent, with Continued Impacts Lasting Into Q4.
1.8.3 Estimated Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic on the Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Size in 2020, by Scenario
1.8.4 Corporate Strategy the Manufacturers Should Be Thinking About Right Now
2 Executive Summary
2.1 World Market Overview
2.1.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2015-2025
2.1.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption CAGR by Region
2.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Segment by Type
2.2.1 Artemisinin
2.2.2 Semisynthetic Aerivatives
2.3 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type
2.3.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
2.3.2 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
2.3.3 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sale Price by Type (2015-2020)
2.4 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Segment by Application
2.4.1 Antimalarial Injections
2.4.2 Antimalarial Tablets
2.5 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application
2.5.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
2.5.2 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value and Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
2.5.3 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sale Price by Type (2015-2020)
3 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives by Company
3.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales Market Share by Company
3.1.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales by Company (2018-2020)
3.1.2 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales Market Share by Company (2018-2020)
3.2 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue Market Share by Company
3.2.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue by Company (2018-2020)
3.2.2 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue Market Share by Company (2018-2020)
3.3 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sale Price by Company
3.4 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base Distribution, Sales Area, Type by Company
3.4.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area by Company
3.4.2 Players Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Products Offered
3.5 Market Concentration Rate Analysis
3.5.1 Competition Landscape Analysis
3.5.2 Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) (2018-2020)
3.6 New Products and Potential Entrants
3.7 Mergers & Acquisitions, Expansion
4 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives by Regions
4.1 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives by Regions
4.2 Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth
4.3 APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth
4.4 Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth
4.5 Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth
5 Americas
5.1 Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries
5.1.1 Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
5.1.2 Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Countries (2015-2020)
5.2 Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type
5.3 Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application
5.4 United States
5.5 Canada
5.6 Mexico
5.7 Brazil
5.8 Key Economic Indicators of Few Americas Countries
6 APAC
6.1 APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Regions
6.1.1 APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Regions (2015-2020)
6.1.2 APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Regions (2015-2020)
6.2 APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type
6.3 APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application
6.4 China
6.5 Japan
6.6 Korea
6.7 Southeast Asia
6.8 India
6.9 Australia
6.10 Key Economic Indicators of Few APAC Regions
7 Europe
7.1 Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives by Countries
7.1.1 Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
7.1.2 Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Countries (2015-2020)
7.2 Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type
7.3 Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application
7.4 Germany
7.5 France
7.6 UK
7.7 Italy
7.8 Russia
7.9 Key Economic Indicators of Few Europe Countries
8 Middle East & Africa
8.1 Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives by Countries
8.1.1 Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries (2015-2020)
8.1.2 Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Countries (2015-2020)
8.2 Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type
8.3 Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application
8.4 Egypt
8.5 South Africa
8.6 Israel
8.7 Turkey
8.8 GCC Countries
9 Market Drivers, Challenges and Trends
9.1 Market Drivers and Impact
9.1.1 Growing Demand from Key Regions
9.1.2 Growing Demand from Key Applications and Potential Industries
9.2 Market Challenges and Impact
9.3 Market Trends
10 Marketing, Distributors and Customer
10.1 Sales Channel
10.1.1 Direct Channels
10.1.2 Indirect Channels
10.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Distributors
10.3 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Customer
11 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Forecast
11.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Forecast (2021-2025)
11.2 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Forecast by Regions
11.2.1 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Forecast by Regions (2021-2025)
11.2.2 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Forecast by Regions (2021-2025)
11.2.3 Americas Consumption Forecast
11.2.4 APAC Consumption Forecast
11.2.5 Europe Consumption Forecast
11.2.6 Middle East & Africa Consumption Forecast
11.3 Americas Forecast by Countries
11.3.1 United States Market Forecast
11.3.2 Canada Market Forecast
11.3.3 Mexico Market Forecast
11.3.4 Brazil Market Forecast
11.4 APAC Forecast by Countries
11.4.1 China Market Forecast
11.4.2 Japan Market Forecast
11.4.3 Korea Market Forecast
11.4.4 Southeast Asia Market Forecast
11.4.5 India Market Forecast
11.4.6 Australia Market Forecast
11.5 Europe Forecast by Countries
11.5.1 Germany Market Forecast
11.5.2 France Market Forecast
11.5.3 UK Market Forecast
11.5.4 Italy Market Forecast
11.5.5 Russia Market Forecast
11.6 Middle East & Africa Forecast by Countries
11.6.1 Egypt Market Forecast
11.6.2 South Africa Market Forecast
11.6.3 Israel Market Forecast
11.6.4 Turkey Market Forecast
11.6.5 GCC Countries Market Forecast
11.7 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Forecast by Type
11.8 Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Forecast by Application
12 Key Players Analysis
12.1 Sanofi
12.1.1 Company Information
12.1.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.1.3 Sanofi Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.1.4 Main Business Overview
12.1.5 Sanofi Latest Developments
12.2 Novanat Bioresource
12.2.1 Company Information
12.2.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.2.3 Novanat Bioresource Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.2.4 Main Business Overview
12.2.5 Novanat Bioresource Latest Developments
12.3 KPC Pharmaceuticals
12.3.1 Company Information
12.3.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.3.3 KPC Pharmaceuticals Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.3.4 Main Business Overview
12.3.5 KPC Pharmaceuticals Latest Developments
12.4 Guangxi xiancaotang
12.4.1 Company Information
12.4.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.4.3 Guangxi xiancaotang Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.4.4 Main Business Overview
12.4.5 Guangxi xiancaotang Latest Developments
12.5 Guilin Pharmaceutical
12.5.1 Company Information
12.5.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.5.3 Guilin Pharmaceutical Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.5.4 Main Business Overview
12.5.5 Guilin Pharmaceutical Latest Developments
12.6 Kerui nanhai
12.6.1 Company Information
12.6.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.6.3 Kerui nanhai Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.6.4 Main Business Overview
12.6.5 Kerui nanhai Latest Developments
12.7 CAT KHANH
12.7.1 Company Information
12.7.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.7.3 CAT KHANH Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.7.4 Main Business Overview
12.7.5 CAT KHANH Latest Developments
12.8 Natural Bio-engineering
12.8.1 Company Information
12.8.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.8.3 Natural Bio-engineering Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.8.4 Main Business Overview
12.8.5 Natural Bio-engineering Latest Developments
12.9 BEEPZ
12.9.1 Company Information
12.9.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.9.3 BEEPZ Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.9.4 Main Business Overview
12.9.5 BEEPZ Latest Developments
12.10 BIONEXX
12.10.1 Company Information
12.10.2 Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Product Offered
12.10.3 BIONEXX Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales, Revenue, Price and Gross Margin (2018-2020)
12.10.4 Main Business Overview
12.10.5 BIONEXX Latest Developments
13 Research Findings and Conclusion
List of Tables
Table 1. Estimated Impact of the Coronavirus (COVID-19) Epidemic on the Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Size in 2020, by Scenario
Table 2. COVID-19: Measures to be Undertaken by Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Companies
Table 3. Research Methodology
Table 4. Data Source
Table 5. Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption CAGR by Region 2015-2025 ($ Millions)
Table 6. Major Players of Artemisinin
Table 7. Major Players of Semisynthetic Aerivatives
Table 8. Global Consumption Sales by Type (2015-2020)
Table 9. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table 10. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue by Type (2015-2020) ($ million)
Table 11. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Type (2015-2020) ($ Millions)
Table 12. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sale Price by Type (2015-2020)
Table 13. Global Consumption Sales by Application (2015-2020)
Table 14. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Table 15. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Application (2015-2020)
Table 16. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Table 17. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sale Price by Application (2015-2020)
Table 18. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales by Company (2017-2019) (Kiloton)
Table 19. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales Market Share by Company (2017-2019)
Table 20. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue by Company (2017-2019) ($ Millions)
Table 21. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue Market Share by Company (2017-2019)
Table 22. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sale Price by Company (2017-2019)
Table 23. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base Distribution and Sales Area by Manufacturers
Table 24. Players Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Products Offered
Table 25. Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Concentration Ratio (CR3, CR5 and CR10) (2017-2019)
Table 26. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Regions 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Table 27. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Regions 2015-2020
Table 28. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Regions 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Table 29. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Regions 2015-2020
Table 30. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 31. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Table 32. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Countries (2015-2020) ($ Millions)
Table 33. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Table 34. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 35. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table 36. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 37. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Table 38. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 39. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Table 40. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Regions (2015-2020) ($ Millions)
Table 41. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Regions (2015-2020)
Table 42. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 43. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table 44. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 45. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Table 46. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 47. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Table 48. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Countries (2015-2020) ($ Millions)
Table 49. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Table 50. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 51. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table 52. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 53. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Table 54. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Countries (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 55. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Table 56. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value by Countries (2015-2020) ($ Millions)
Table 57. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Countries (2015-2020)
Table 58. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Type (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 59. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Table 60. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption by Application (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Table 61. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Table 62. Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Distributors List
Table 63. Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Customer List
Table 64. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Forecast by Countries (2021-2025) (Kiloton)
Table 65. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Forecast by Regions
Table 66. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Forecast by Countries (2021-2025) ($ Millions)
Table 67. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share Forecast by Regions
Table 68. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Forecast by Type (2021-2025) (Kiloton)
Table 69. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2025)
Table 70. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Forecast by Type (2021-2025) ($ Millions)
Table 71. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share Forecast by Type (2021-2025)
Table 72. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Forecast by Application (2021-2025) (Kiloton)
Table 73. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2025)
Table 74. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Forecast by Application (2021-2025) ($ Millions)
Table 75. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share Forecast by Application (2021-2025)
Table 76. Sanofi Product Offered
Table 77. Sanofi Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 78. Sanofi Main Business
Table 79. Sanofi Latest Developments
Table 80. Sanofi Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 81. Novanat Bioresource Product Offered
Table 82. Novanat Bioresource Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 83. Novanat Bioresource Main Business
Table 84. Novanat Bioresource Latest Developments
Table 85. Novanat Bioresource Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 86. KPC Pharmaceuticals Product Offered
Table 87. KPC Pharmaceuticals Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 88. KPC Pharmaceuticals Main Business
Table 89. KPC Pharmaceuticals Latest Developments
Table 90. KPC Pharmaceuticals Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 91. Guangxi xiancaotang Product Offered
Table 92. Guangxi xiancaotang Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 93. Guangxi xiancaotang Main Business
Table 94. Guangxi xiancaotang Latest Developments
Table 95. Guangxi xiancaotang Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 96. Guilin Pharmaceutical Product Offered
Table 97. Guilin Pharmaceutical Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 98. Guilin Pharmaceutical Main Business
Table 99. Guilin Pharmaceutical Latest Developments
Table 100. Guilin Pharmaceutical Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 101. Kerui nanhai Product Offered
Table 102. Kerui nanhai Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 103. Kerui nanhai Main Business
Table 104. Kerui nanhai Latest Developments
Table 105. Kerui nanhai Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 106. CAT KHANH Product Offered
Table 107. CAT KHANH Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 108. CAT KHANH Main Business
Table 109. CAT KHANH Latest Developments
Table 110. CAT KHANH Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 111. Natural Bio-engineering Product Offered
Table 112. Natural Bio-engineering Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 113. Natural Bio-engineering Main Business
Table 114. Natural Bio-engineering Latest Developments
Table 115. Natural Bio-engineering Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 116. BEEPZ Product Offered
Table 117. BEEPZ Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 118. BEEPZ Main Business
Table 119. BEEPZ Latest Developments
Table 120. BEEPZ Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
Table 121. BIONEXX Product Offered
Table 122. BIONEXX Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales (Kiloton), Revenue ($ Million), Price (US$/Ton) and Gross Margin (2018-2020E)
Table 123. BIONEXX Main Business
Table 124. BIONEXX Latest Developments
Table 125. BIONEXX Basic Information, Company Total Revenue (in $ million), Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Manufacturing Base, Sales Area and Its Competitors
List of Figures
Figure 1. Picture of Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives
Figure 2. Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Report Years Considered
Figure 3. Market Research Methodology
Figure 4. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth Rate 2015-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 5. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth Rate 2015-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 6. Product Picture of Artemisinin
Figure 7. Product Picture of Semisynthetic Aerivatives
Figure 8. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Figure 9. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Type (2015-2020)
Figure 10. Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumed in Antimalarial Injections
Figure 11. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market: Antimalarial Injections (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Figure 12. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market: Antimalarial Injections (2015-2020) ($ Millions)
Figure 13. Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumed in Antimalarial Tablets
Figure 14. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market: Antimalarial Tablets (2015-2020) (Kiloton)
Figure 15. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market: Antimalarial Tablets (2015-2020) ($ Millions)
Figure 16. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Figure 17. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Application (2015-2020)
Figure 18. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales Market Share by Company in 2017
Figure 19. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sales Market Share by Company in 2019
Figure 20. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue Market Share by Company in 2017
Figure 21. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Revenue Market Share by Company in 2019
Figure 22. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Sale Price by Company in 2019
Figure 23. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Regions 2015-2020
Figure 24. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Regions 2015-2020
Figure 25. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 26. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 27. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 28. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 29. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 30. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 31. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 32. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 33. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 34. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 35. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Figure 36. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure 37. United States Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 38. United States Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 39. Canada Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 40. Canada Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 41. Mexico Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 42. Mexico Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 43. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 44. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Regions in 2019
Figure 45. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Figure 46. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure 47. China Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 48. China Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 49. Japan Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 50. Japan Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 51. Korea Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 52. Korea Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 53. Southeast Asia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 54. Southeast Asia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 55. India Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 56. India Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 57. Australia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 58. Australia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 59. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 60. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 61. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Figure 62. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure 63. Germany Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 64. Germany Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 65. France Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 66. France Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 67. UK Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 68. UK Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 69. Italy Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 70. Italy Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 71. Russia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 72. Russia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 73. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 74. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Market Share by Countries in 2019
Figure 75. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Type in 2019
Figure 76. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Market Share by Application in 2019
Figure 77. Egypt Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 78. Egypt Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 79. South Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 80. South Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 81. Israel Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 82. Israel Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 83. Turkey Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 84. Turkey Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 85. GCC Countries Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth 2015-2020 (Kiloton)
Figure 86. GCC Countries Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth 2015-2020 ($ Millions)
Figure 87. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025) (Kiloton)
Figure 88. Global Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value Growth Rate Forecast (2021-2025) ($ Millions)
Figure 89. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 90. Americas Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 91. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 92. APAC Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 93. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 94. Europe Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 95. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 96. Middle East & Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 97. United States Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 98. United States Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 99. Canada Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 100. Canada Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 101. Mexico Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 102. Mexico Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 103. Brazil Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 104. Brazil Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 105. China Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 106. China Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 107. Japan Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 108. Japan Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 109. Korea Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 110. Korea Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 111. Southeast Asia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 112. Southeast Asia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 113. India Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 114. India Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 115. Australia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 116. Australia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 117. Germany Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 118. Germany Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 119. France Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 120. France Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 121. UK Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 122. UK Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 123. Italy Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 124. Italy Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 125. Russia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 126. Russia Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 127. Spain Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 128. Spain Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 129. Egypt Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 130. Egypt Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 131. South Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 132. South Africa Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 133. Israel Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 134. Israel Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 135. Turkey Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 136. Turkey Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 137. GCC Countries Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Consumption 2021-2025 (Kiloton)
Figure 138. GCC Countries Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Value 2021-2025 ($ Millions)
Figure 139. Sanofi Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 140. Novanat Bioresource Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 141. KPC Pharmaceuticals Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 142. Guangxi xiancaotang Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 143. Guilin Pharmaceutical Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 144. Kerui nanhai Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 145. CAT KHANH Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 146. Natural Bio-engineering Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 147. BEEPZ Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)
Figure 148. BIONEXX Artemisinin and Its Semisynthetic Aerivatives Market Share (2018-2020)